Fixed-rate and adjustable-rate mortgages are the two main types of mortgages of the home-lending world. Let’s take a look at the differences. A fixed-rate mortgage is very straightforward. The borrower knows from the beginning what the interest rate will be for the entire duration of the mortgage, and the monthly payments due are likewise fixed. Simple.

Slightly less simple is the adjustable-rate mortgage, or ARM. It changes from year to year, to reflect the interest rate environment. If rates are plummeting, your rate will also drop — and vice versa. ARMs typically have an extra-low “teaser rate” for the first year, as well as an upper limit, or cap. The amount that an ARM can rise each year is also limited, so that it won’t rise too quickly. Fixed-rate mortgages are good because they come with no surprises. But for this benefit, you’ll likely pay a slightly higher rate than you would with an ARM. Fixed-rate mortgages are good for people who enjoy stability. They’re also especially attractive during periods when interest rates are low, such as they have been in recent years. At such times, fixed-rate mortgages permit you to lock in low rates for many years to come.

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